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to cause to cross

  • 1 traicio

    trāĭcĭo and transĭcĭo (so always in Cæs.); also trājĭcĭo and transjĭcĭo, jēci, jectum, 3, v. a. and n. [trans-jacio], to throw across.
    I.
    With the person or thing that moves as object, to cause to cross, cause to go across, over, or through.
    A.
    In gen., to throw, hurl, cast, or fling over, to shoot over or across:

    neque ullum interim telum transiciebatur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 19:

    quae concava trajecto cumba rudente vehat (te),

    Ov. Am. 3, 6, 4:

    arreptum vexillum trans vallum hostium trajecit,

    Liv. 25, 14, 4:

    cum trans vallum signum trajecisset,

    id. 41, 4, 2:

    pontibus transjectis,

    thrown across, Hirt. B. G. 8, 9:

    malis antennisque de nave in navem trajectis,

    Liv. 30, 10, 5:

    volucrem trajecto in fune columbam suspendit,

    Verg. A. 5, 488:

    tela alio,

    Prop. 2, 12 (3, 3), 18:

    pecora nunc in hibernos nunc in aestivos saltus,

    drives over, Just. 8, 5, 7.— Poet.:

    pedes super acervos,

    to step over, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 76:

    membra per ardentes acervos celeri pede,

    Ov. F. 4, 782.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To transfer, cause to go over or across (from one place, etc., to another):

    est etiam aurigae species Vertumnus et ejus, Traicit alterno qui leve pondus equo,

    i. e. leaps lightly from horse to horse, Prop. 4 (5), 2, 36:

    anulum in dextram manum,

    Petr. 74:

    quod est levissimum ac summum, ut traiciant in alia vasa,

    decant, pour over, Varr. R. R. 1, 64, 1:

    cerussam in cacabum,

    Scrib. Comp. 45.—
    2.
    Of soldiers, baggage, etc., to cause to cross (a stream, etc.), to transport, ship across, lead or conduct over, ship over, transfer: dum Brutus traiceret exercitum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 2:

    legiones quattuor equitatumque omnem transjecit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 40:

    omnibus ferme suis trans Rhodanum trajectis,

    Liv. 21, 26, 6:

    res suas trans Halyn,

    id. 38, 25, 7:

    quae ibi legiones essent, eas... in Siciliam traiceret,

    id. 23, 31, 4:

    ut classem in Italiam traiceret,

    id. 28, 36, 1:

    pecuniam in provinciam,

    id. 26, 7, 8; 48, 13, 9:

    huc legionem postea transicit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 54:

    magnam partem fortunarum eodem trajecit,

    Nep. Att. 2, 2:

    eas (sues) si quo traicere vult, in plostrum imponat,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 11:

    ut praedatum milites trans flumen per occasiones aliis atque aliis locis traiceret,

    Liv. 2, 11, 2.— Pass.: Marius trajectus in Africam, Cic. Red. Quir. 8, 20:

    equitum innumerabilem vim traici Hellesponto in Europam,

    Liv. 35, 48, 3:

    classis Punica in Sardiniam trajecta,

    id. 27, 6, 13:

    (exercitus) Pado trajectus Cremonam,

    id. 21, 56, 4; 30, 24, 11:

    inermes in Boeotiam trajecti,

    id. 32, 17, 3:

    in Galliam trajecti forent,

    Tac. A. 12, 39.—
    (β).
    With second acc. of the stream or place crossed:

    equitum magnam partem flumen transjecit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 55:

    Caesar Germanos flumen traicit,

    id. ib. 1, 83 fin.:

    si se Alpes Antonius trajecerit,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 9, 2: exercitum Rhodanum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3:

    copias Rhodanum,

    id. ib. 10, 11, 2:

    quos in Africam secum traiceret,

    Liv. 29, 22, 12.—
    (γ).
    With se:

    ad Achillam sese ex regiā trajecit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 112: si quo etiam casu Isaram se trajecerint, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, 4:

    ducem Romanum in Africam trajecisse sese in hostilem terram,

    Liv. 28, 18, 10.—
    (δ).
    Poet., of the eyes:

    quocumque oculos trajecimus,

    i. e. to look, Lucr. 4, 424.—
    3.
    To pass through, make a way through.
    (α).
    Of soldiers:

    pars magna equitum mediam trajecit aciem,

    broke through, Liv. 42, 7, 7.—
    (β).
    To strike through, stab through, pierce, penetrate, transfix, transpierce:

    unum ex multitudine,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 44:

    aliquem pilis,

    id. ib. 7, 82:

    aliquem scorpione, a latere dextro,

    id. ib. 7, 25:

    lictorem gladio, Auct. B. Alex. 52: cuspide serpentem,

    Ov. M. 4, 571:

    lanceā infestā medium femur,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 48:

    femur tragulā,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 35:

    pectus ferro,

    Liv. 41, 11, 6:

    cava tempora ferro,

    Verg. A. 9, 634:

    harundine linguam,

    Ov. M. 11, 325:

    terga sagittā,

    id. ib. 9, 128:

    exuentem se ac nudatum gladio trajecit,

    Just. 3, 1, 8:

    sagittā sub mammā trajectus,

    id. 12, 9, 12:

    aliquid acu,

    Cels. 7, 8 and 9.—With se, to stab one ' s self:

    se uno ictu infra laevam papillam,

    Suet. Oth. 11.—
    C.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen., to transfer, cause to pass:

    cum ex illius invidiā deonerare aliquid et in te traicere coeperit,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:

    culpam in alium,

    Quint. 9, 2, 4:

    arbitrium litis trajecit in omnes,

    Ov. M. 12, 628.—Mid.:

    in cor Trajecto lateris capitisque dolore,

    having thrown itself, Hor. S. 2, 3, 29.—
    2.
    In partic., in rhet.:

    verba,

    to transpose, Cic. Or. 69, 229:

    verba in clausulas,

    Quint. 9, 4, 31 Spald.—
    II. A.
    With the place or thing passed over as object:

    si Hannibal ad portas venisset murumque jaculo trajecisset,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 9, 22:

    trajecto amni,

    Liv. 21, 27, 3:

    Hiberum,

    id. 21, 30, 3:

    occupavit Scipio Padum traicere,

    id. 21, 39, 10:

    ratibus Trebiam,

    id. 21, 56, 8:

    mare,

    id. 33, 31, 10:

    flumen,

    id. 38, 2, 10; 38, 27, 6:

    fretum,

    Sen. Ep. 14, 8:

    amnem,

    Curt. 7, 7, 13; 8, 13, 23:

    utribus amnem,

    id. 4, 7, 16; 4, 1, 10:

    Rhenum,

    Suet. Tib. 18:

    mare,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 15, 6:

    Padum,

    Tac. H. 2, 22:

    sinum maris,

    Vell. 2, 43, 1:

    flumina nando,

    Suet. Caes. 57:

    Tiberim clipeo,

    Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 186:

    Aurora Jam medium aetherio cursu trajecerat axem,

    Verg. A. 6, 536; cf. pass.:

    postquam cernant Rhodanum trajectum,

    Liv. 21, 30, 5:

    ut transjaci (nemora) ne sagittis quidem possint,

    Sol. 52, 46.—
    B.
    Absol.:

    ad Aethaliam insulam trajecit,

    Liv. 37, 13, 3:

    ut classe Hasdrubal Aegimurum traiceret,

    id. 30, 24, 11:

    ne qua classis ex Africā traiceret,

    id. 30, 2, 1:

    sed traicere in Euboeam erat propositum,

    id. 40, 4, 10:

    (ei) paranti traicere in Africam nuntiatum est,

    id. 28, 36, 1; cf.:

    Romanae naves Samum traicerunt,

    id. 37, 13, 6:

    primo quoque tempore in Africam traiciendum,

    id. 29, 22, 11:

    ad nos trajecturum illud incendium esse,

    id. 7, 30, 12; cf. id. 31, 48, 7:

    piscatoriā scaphā trepidus trajecit,

    Just. 2, 13, 9:

    trajecisse veteres Iberos,

    Tac. Agr. 14. —
    C.
    Trop., to overstep, transgress:

    traicit et fati litora magnus amor,

    Prop. 1, 19, 12.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > traicio

  • 2 trajicio

    trāĭcĭo and transĭcĭo (so always in Cæs.); also trājĭcĭo and transjĭcĭo, jēci, jectum, 3, v. a. and n. [trans-jacio], to throw across.
    I.
    With the person or thing that moves as object, to cause to cross, cause to go across, over, or through.
    A.
    In gen., to throw, hurl, cast, or fling over, to shoot over or across:

    neque ullum interim telum transiciebatur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 19:

    quae concava trajecto cumba rudente vehat (te),

    Ov. Am. 3, 6, 4:

    arreptum vexillum trans vallum hostium trajecit,

    Liv. 25, 14, 4:

    cum trans vallum signum trajecisset,

    id. 41, 4, 2:

    pontibus transjectis,

    thrown across, Hirt. B. G. 8, 9:

    malis antennisque de nave in navem trajectis,

    Liv. 30, 10, 5:

    volucrem trajecto in fune columbam suspendit,

    Verg. A. 5, 488:

    tela alio,

    Prop. 2, 12 (3, 3), 18:

    pecora nunc in hibernos nunc in aestivos saltus,

    drives over, Just. 8, 5, 7.— Poet.:

    pedes super acervos,

    to step over, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 76:

    membra per ardentes acervos celeri pede,

    Ov. F. 4, 782.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To transfer, cause to go over or across (from one place, etc., to another):

    est etiam aurigae species Vertumnus et ejus, Traicit alterno qui leve pondus equo,

    i. e. leaps lightly from horse to horse, Prop. 4 (5), 2, 36:

    anulum in dextram manum,

    Petr. 74:

    quod est levissimum ac summum, ut traiciant in alia vasa,

    decant, pour over, Varr. R. R. 1, 64, 1:

    cerussam in cacabum,

    Scrib. Comp. 45.—
    2.
    Of soldiers, baggage, etc., to cause to cross (a stream, etc.), to transport, ship across, lead or conduct over, ship over, transfer: dum Brutus traiceret exercitum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 2:

    legiones quattuor equitatumque omnem transjecit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 40:

    omnibus ferme suis trans Rhodanum trajectis,

    Liv. 21, 26, 6:

    res suas trans Halyn,

    id. 38, 25, 7:

    quae ibi legiones essent, eas... in Siciliam traiceret,

    id. 23, 31, 4:

    ut classem in Italiam traiceret,

    id. 28, 36, 1:

    pecuniam in provinciam,

    id. 26, 7, 8; 48, 13, 9:

    huc legionem postea transicit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 54:

    magnam partem fortunarum eodem trajecit,

    Nep. Att. 2, 2:

    eas (sues) si quo traicere vult, in plostrum imponat,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 11:

    ut praedatum milites trans flumen per occasiones aliis atque aliis locis traiceret,

    Liv. 2, 11, 2.— Pass.: Marius trajectus in Africam, Cic. Red. Quir. 8, 20:

    equitum innumerabilem vim traici Hellesponto in Europam,

    Liv. 35, 48, 3:

    classis Punica in Sardiniam trajecta,

    id. 27, 6, 13:

    (exercitus) Pado trajectus Cremonam,

    id. 21, 56, 4; 30, 24, 11:

    inermes in Boeotiam trajecti,

    id. 32, 17, 3:

    in Galliam trajecti forent,

    Tac. A. 12, 39.—
    (β).
    With second acc. of the stream or place crossed:

    equitum magnam partem flumen transjecit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 55:

    Caesar Germanos flumen traicit,

    id. ib. 1, 83 fin.:

    si se Alpes Antonius trajecerit,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 9, 2: exercitum Rhodanum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3:

    copias Rhodanum,

    id. ib. 10, 11, 2:

    quos in Africam secum traiceret,

    Liv. 29, 22, 12.—
    (γ).
    With se:

    ad Achillam sese ex regiā trajecit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 112: si quo etiam casu Isaram se trajecerint, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, 4:

    ducem Romanum in Africam trajecisse sese in hostilem terram,

    Liv. 28, 18, 10.—
    (δ).
    Poet., of the eyes:

    quocumque oculos trajecimus,

    i. e. to look, Lucr. 4, 424.—
    3.
    To pass through, make a way through.
    (α).
    Of soldiers:

    pars magna equitum mediam trajecit aciem,

    broke through, Liv. 42, 7, 7.—
    (β).
    To strike through, stab through, pierce, penetrate, transfix, transpierce:

    unum ex multitudine,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 44:

    aliquem pilis,

    id. ib. 7, 82:

    aliquem scorpione, a latere dextro,

    id. ib. 7, 25:

    lictorem gladio, Auct. B. Alex. 52: cuspide serpentem,

    Ov. M. 4, 571:

    lanceā infestā medium femur,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 48:

    femur tragulā,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 35:

    pectus ferro,

    Liv. 41, 11, 6:

    cava tempora ferro,

    Verg. A. 9, 634:

    harundine linguam,

    Ov. M. 11, 325:

    terga sagittā,

    id. ib. 9, 128:

    exuentem se ac nudatum gladio trajecit,

    Just. 3, 1, 8:

    sagittā sub mammā trajectus,

    id. 12, 9, 12:

    aliquid acu,

    Cels. 7, 8 and 9.—With se, to stab one ' s self:

    se uno ictu infra laevam papillam,

    Suet. Oth. 11.—
    C.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen., to transfer, cause to pass:

    cum ex illius invidiā deonerare aliquid et in te traicere coeperit,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:

    culpam in alium,

    Quint. 9, 2, 4:

    arbitrium litis trajecit in omnes,

    Ov. M. 12, 628.—Mid.:

    in cor Trajecto lateris capitisque dolore,

    having thrown itself, Hor. S. 2, 3, 29.—
    2.
    In partic., in rhet.:

    verba,

    to transpose, Cic. Or. 69, 229:

    verba in clausulas,

    Quint. 9, 4, 31 Spald.—
    II. A.
    With the place or thing passed over as object:

    si Hannibal ad portas venisset murumque jaculo trajecisset,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 9, 22:

    trajecto amni,

    Liv. 21, 27, 3:

    Hiberum,

    id. 21, 30, 3:

    occupavit Scipio Padum traicere,

    id. 21, 39, 10:

    ratibus Trebiam,

    id. 21, 56, 8:

    mare,

    id. 33, 31, 10:

    flumen,

    id. 38, 2, 10; 38, 27, 6:

    fretum,

    Sen. Ep. 14, 8:

    amnem,

    Curt. 7, 7, 13; 8, 13, 23:

    utribus amnem,

    id. 4, 7, 16; 4, 1, 10:

    Rhenum,

    Suet. Tib. 18:

    mare,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 15, 6:

    Padum,

    Tac. H. 2, 22:

    sinum maris,

    Vell. 2, 43, 1:

    flumina nando,

    Suet. Caes. 57:

    Tiberim clipeo,

    Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 186:

    Aurora Jam medium aetherio cursu trajecerat axem,

    Verg. A. 6, 536; cf. pass.:

    postquam cernant Rhodanum trajectum,

    Liv. 21, 30, 5:

    ut transjaci (nemora) ne sagittis quidem possint,

    Sol. 52, 46.—
    B.
    Absol.:

    ad Aethaliam insulam trajecit,

    Liv. 37, 13, 3:

    ut classe Hasdrubal Aegimurum traiceret,

    id. 30, 24, 11:

    ne qua classis ex Africā traiceret,

    id. 30, 2, 1:

    sed traicere in Euboeam erat propositum,

    id. 40, 4, 10:

    (ei) paranti traicere in Africam nuntiatum est,

    id. 28, 36, 1; cf.:

    Romanae naves Samum traicerunt,

    id. 37, 13, 6:

    primo quoque tempore in Africam traiciendum,

    id. 29, 22, 11:

    ad nos trajecturum illud incendium esse,

    id. 7, 30, 12; cf. id. 31, 48, 7:

    piscatoriā scaphā trepidus trajecit,

    Just. 2, 13, 9:

    trajecisse veteres Iberos,

    Tac. Agr. 14. —
    C.
    Trop., to overstep, transgress:

    traicit et fati litora magnus amor,

    Prop. 1, 19, 12.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > trajicio

  • 3 transicio

    trāĭcĭo and transĭcĭo (so always in Cæs.); also trājĭcĭo and transjĭcĭo, jēci, jectum, 3, v. a. and n. [trans-jacio], to throw across.
    I.
    With the person or thing that moves as object, to cause to cross, cause to go across, over, or through.
    A.
    In gen., to throw, hurl, cast, or fling over, to shoot over or across:

    neque ullum interim telum transiciebatur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 19:

    quae concava trajecto cumba rudente vehat (te),

    Ov. Am. 3, 6, 4:

    arreptum vexillum trans vallum hostium trajecit,

    Liv. 25, 14, 4:

    cum trans vallum signum trajecisset,

    id. 41, 4, 2:

    pontibus transjectis,

    thrown across, Hirt. B. G. 8, 9:

    malis antennisque de nave in navem trajectis,

    Liv. 30, 10, 5:

    volucrem trajecto in fune columbam suspendit,

    Verg. A. 5, 488:

    tela alio,

    Prop. 2, 12 (3, 3), 18:

    pecora nunc in hibernos nunc in aestivos saltus,

    drives over, Just. 8, 5, 7.— Poet.:

    pedes super acervos,

    to step over, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 76:

    membra per ardentes acervos celeri pede,

    Ov. F. 4, 782.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To transfer, cause to go over or across (from one place, etc., to another):

    est etiam aurigae species Vertumnus et ejus, Traicit alterno qui leve pondus equo,

    i. e. leaps lightly from horse to horse, Prop. 4 (5), 2, 36:

    anulum in dextram manum,

    Petr. 74:

    quod est levissimum ac summum, ut traiciant in alia vasa,

    decant, pour over, Varr. R. R. 1, 64, 1:

    cerussam in cacabum,

    Scrib. Comp. 45.—
    2.
    Of soldiers, baggage, etc., to cause to cross (a stream, etc.), to transport, ship across, lead or conduct over, ship over, transfer: dum Brutus traiceret exercitum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 2:

    legiones quattuor equitatumque omnem transjecit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 40:

    omnibus ferme suis trans Rhodanum trajectis,

    Liv. 21, 26, 6:

    res suas trans Halyn,

    id. 38, 25, 7:

    quae ibi legiones essent, eas... in Siciliam traiceret,

    id. 23, 31, 4:

    ut classem in Italiam traiceret,

    id. 28, 36, 1:

    pecuniam in provinciam,

    id. 26, 7, 8; 48, 13, 9:

    huc legionem postea transicit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 54:

    magnam partem fortunarum eodem trajecit,

    Nep. Att. 2, 2:

    eas (sues) si quo traicere vult, in plostrum imponat,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 11:

    ut praedatum milites trans flumen per occasiones aliis atque aliis locis traiceret,

    Liv. 2, 11, 2.— Pass.: Marius trajectus in Africam, Cic. Red. Quir. 8, 20:

    equitum innumerabilem vim traici Hellesponto in Europam,

    Liv. 35, 48, 3:

    classis Punica in Sardiniam trajecta,

    id. 27, 6, 13:

    (exercitus) Pado trajectus Cremonam,

    id. 21, 56, 4; 30, 24, 11:

    inermes in Boeotiam trajecti,

    id. 32, 17, 3:

    in Galliam trajecti forent,

    Tac. A. 12, 39.—
    (β).
    With second acc. of the stream or place crossed:

    equitum magnam partem flumen transjecit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 55:

    Caesar Germanos flumen traicit,

    id. ib. 1, 83 fin.:

    si se Alpes Antonius trajecerit,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 9, 2: exercitum Rhodanum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3:

    copias Rhodanum,

    id. ib. 10, 11, 2:

    quos in Africam secum traiceret,

    Liv. 29, 22, 12.—
    (γ).
    With se:

    ad Achillam sese ex regiā trajecit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 112: si quo etiam casu Isaram se trajecerint, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, 4:

    ducem Romanum in Africam trajecisse sese in hostilem terram,

    Liv. 28, 18, 10.—
    (δ).
    Poet., of the eyes:

    quocumque oculos trajecimus,

    i. e. to look, Lucr. 4, 424.—
    3.
    To pass through, make a way through.
    (α).
    Of soldiers:

    pars magna equitum mediam trajecit aciem,

    broke through, Liv. 42, 7, 7.—
    (β).
    To strike through, stab through, pierce, penetrate, transfix, transpierce:

    unum ex multitudine,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 44:

    aliquem pilis,

    id. ib. 7, 82:

    aliquem scorpione, a latere dextro,

    id. ib. 7, 25:

    lictorem gladio, Auct. B. Alex. 52: cuspide serpentem,

    Ov. M. 4, 571:

    lanceā infestā medium femur,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 48:

    femur tragulā,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 35:

    pectus ferro,

    Liv. 41, 11, 6:

    cava tempora ferro,

    Verg. A. 9, 634:

    harundine linguam,

    Ov. M. 11, 325:

    terga sagittā,

    id. ib. 9, 128:

    exuentem se ac nudatum gladio trajecit,

    Just. 3, 1, 8:

    sagittā sub mammā trajectus,

    id. 12, 9, 12:

    aliquid acu,

    Cels. 7, 8 and 9.—With se, to stab one ' s self:

    se uno ictu infra laevam papillam,

    Suet. Oth. 11.—
    C.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen., to transfer, cause to pass:

    cum ex illius invidiā deonerare aliquid et in te traicere coeperit,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:

    culpam in alium,

    Quint. 9, 2, 4:

    arbitrium litis trajecit in omnes,

    Ov. M. 12, 628.—Mid.:

    in cor Trajecto lateris capitisque dolore,

    having thrown itself, Hor. S. 2, 3, 29.—
    2.
    In partic., in rhet.:

    verba,

    to transpose, Cic. Or. 69, 229:

    verba in clausulas,

    Quint. 9, 4, 31 Spald.—
    II. A.
    With the place or thing passed over as object:

    si Hannibal ad portas venisset murumque jaculo trajecisset,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 9, 22:

    trajecto amni,

    Liv. 21, 27, 3:

    Hiberum,

    id. 21, 30, 3:

    occupavit Scipio Padum traicere,

    id. 21, 39, 10:

    ratibus Trebiam,

    id. 21, 56, 8:

    mare,

    id. 33, 31, 10:

    flumen,

    id. 38, 2, 10; 38, 27, 6:

    fretum,

    Sen. Ep. 14, 8:

    amnem,

    Curt. 7, 7, 13; 8, 13, 23:

    utribus amnem,

    id. 4, 7, 16; 4, 1, 10:

    Rhenum,

    Suet. Tib. 18:

    mare,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 15, 6:

    Padum,

    Tac. H. 2, 22:

    sinum maris,

    Vell. 2, 43, 1:

    flumina nando,

    Suet. Caes. 57:

    Tiberim clipeo,

    Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 186:

    Aurora Jam medium aetherio cursu trajecerat axem,

    Verg. A. 6, 536; cf. pass.:

    postquam cernant Rhodanum trajectum,

    Liv. 21, 30, 5:

    ut transjaci (nemora) ne sagittis quidem possint,

    Sol. 52, 46.—
    B.
    Absol.:

    ad Aethaliam insulam trajecit,

    Liv. 37, 13, 3:

    ut classe Hasdrubal Aegimurum traiceret,

    id. 30, 24, 11:

    ne qua classis ex Africā traiceret,

    id. 30, 2, 1:

    sed traicere in Euboeam erat propositum,

    id. 40, 4, 10:

    (ei) paranti traicere in Africam nuntiatum est,

    id. 28, 36, 1; cf.:

    Romanae naves Samum traicerunt,

    id. 37, 13, 6:

    primo quoque tempore in Africam traiciendum,

    id. 29, 22, 11:

    ad nos trajecturum illud incendium esse,

    id. 7, 30, 12; cf. id. 31, 48, 7:

    piscatoriā scaphā trepidus trajecit,

    Just. 2, 13, 9:

    trajecisse veteres Iberos,

    Tac. Agr. 14. —
    C.
    Trop., to overstep, transgress:

    traicit et fati litora magnus amor,

    Prop. 1, 19, 12.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > transicio

  • 4 transjicio

    trāĭcĭo and transĭcĭo (so always in Cæs.); also trājĭcĭo and transjĭcĭo, jēci, jectum, 3, v. a. and n. [trans-jacio], to throw across.
    I.
    With the person or thing that moves as object, to cause to cross, cause to go across, over, or through.
    A.
    In gen., to throw, hurl, cast, or fling over, to shoot over or across:

    neque ullum interim telum transiciebatur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 19:

    quae concava trajecto cumba rudente vehat (te),

    Ov. Am. 3, 6, 4:

    arreptum vexillum trans vallum hostium trajecit,

    Liv. 25, 14, 4:

    cum trans vallum signum trajecisset,

    id. 41, 4, 2:

    pontibus transjectis,

    thrown across, Hirt. B. G. 8, 9:

    malis antennisque de nave in navem trajectis,

    Liv. 30, 10, 5:

    volucrem trajecto in fune columbam suspendit,

    Verg. A. 5, 488:

    tela alio,

    Prop. 2, 12 (3, 3), 18:

    pecora nunc in hibernos nunc in aestivos saltus,

    drives over, Just. 8, 5, 7.— Poet.:

    pedes super acervos,

    to step over, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 76:

    membra per ardentes acervos celeri pede,

    Ov. F. 4, 782.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To transfer, cause to go over or across (from one place, etc., to another):

    est etiam aurigae species Vertumnus et ejus, Traicit alterno qui leve pondus equo,

    i. e. leaps lightly from horse to horse, Prop. 4 (5), 2, 36:

    anulum in dextram manum,

    Petr. 74:

    quod est levissimum ac summum, ut traiciant in alia vasa,

    decant, pour over, Varr. R. R. 1, 64, 1:

    cerussam in cacabum,

    Scrib. Comp. 45.—
    2.
    Of soldiers, baggage, etc., to cause to cross (a stream, etc.), to transport, ship across, lead or conduct over, ship over, transfer: dum Brutus traiceret exercitum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 2:

    legiones quattuor equitatumque omnem transjecit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 40:

    omnibus ferme suis trans Rhodanum trajectis,

    Liv. 21, 26, 6:

    res suas trans Halyn,

    id. 38, 25, 7:

    quae ibi legiones essent, eas... in Siciliam traiceret,

    id. 23, 31, 4:

    ut classem in Italiam traiceret,

    id. 28, 36, 1:

    pecuniam in provinciam,

    id. 26, 7, 8; 48, 13, 9:

    huc legionem postea transicit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 54:

    magnam partem fortunarum eodem trajecit,

    Nep. Att. 2, 2:

    eas (sues) si quo traicere vult, in plostrum imponat,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 11:

    ut praedatum milites trans flumen per occasiones aliis atque aliis locis traiceret,

    Liv. 2, 11, 2.— Pass.: Marius trajectus in Africam, Cic. Red. Quir. 8, 20:

    equitum innumerabilem vim traici Hellesponto in Europam,

    Liv. 35, 48, 3:

    classis Punica in Sardiniam trajecta,

    id. 27, 6, 13:

    (exercitus) Pado trajectus Cremonam,

    id. 21, 56, 4; 30, 24, 11:

    inermes in Boeotiam trajecti,

    id. 32, 17, 3:

    in Galliam trajecti forent,

    Tac. A. 12, 39.—
    (β).
    With second acc. of the stream or place crossed:

    equitum magnam partem flumen transjecit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 55:

    Caesar Germanos flumen traicit,

    id. ib. 1, 83 fin.:

    si se Alpes Antonius trajecerit,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 9, 2: exercitum Rhodanum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3:

    copias Rhodanum,

    id. ib. 10, 11, 2:

    quos in Africam secum traiceret,

    Liv. 29, 22, 12.—
    (γ).
    With se:

    ad Achillam sese ex regiā trajecit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 112: si quo etiam casu Isaram se trajecerint, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, 4:

    ducem Romanum in Africam trajecisse sese in hostilem terram,

    Liv. 28, 18, 10.—
    (δ).
    Poet., of the eyes:

    quocumque oculos trajecimus,

    i. e. to look, Lucr. 4, 424.—
    3.
    To pass through, make a way through.
    (α).
    Of soldiers:

    pars magna equitum mediam trajecit aciem,

    broke through, Liv. 42, 7, 7.—
    (β).
    To strike through, stab through, pierce, penetrate, transfix, transpierce:

    unum ex multitudine,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 44:

    aliquem pilis,

    id. ib. 7, 82:

    aliquem scorpione, a latere dextro,

    id. ib. 7, 25:

    lictorem gladio, Auct. B. Alex. 52: cuspide serpentem,

    Ov. M. 4, 571:

    lanceā infestā medium femur,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 48:

    femur tragulā,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 35:

    pectus ferro,

    Liv. 41, 11, 6:

    cava tempora ferro,

    Verg. A. 9, 634:

    harundine linguam,

    Ov. M. 11, 325:

    terga sagittā,

    id. ib. 9, 128:

    exuentem se ac nudatum gladio trajecit,

    Just. 3, 1, 8:

    sagittā sub mammā trajectus,

    id. 12, 9, 12:

    aliquid acu,

    Cels. 7, 8 and 9.—With se, to stab one ' s self:

    se uno ictu infra laevam papillam,

    Suet. Oth. 11.—
    C.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen., to transfer, cause to pass:

    cum ex illius invidiā deonerare aliquid et in te traicere coeperit,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:

    culpam in alium,

    Quint. 9, 2, 4:

    arbitrium litis trajecit in omnes,

    Ov. M. 12, 628.—Mid.:

    in cor Trajecto lateris capitisque dolore,

    having thrown itself, Hor. S. 2, 3, 29.—
    2.
    In partic., in rhet.:

    verba,

    to transpose, Cic. Or. 69, 229:

    verba in clausulas,

    Quint. 9, 4, 31 Spald.—
    II. A.
    With the place or thing passed over as object:

    si Hannibal ad portas venisset murumque jaculo trajecisset,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 9, 22:

    trajecto amni,

    Liv. 21, 27, 3:

    Hiberum,

    id. 21, 30, 3:

    occupavit Scipio Padum traicere,

    id. 21, 39, 10:

    ratibus Trebiam,

    id. 21, 56, 8:

    mare,

    id. 33, 31, 10:

    flumen,

    id. 38, 2, 10; 38, 27, 6:

    fretum,

    Sen. Ep. 14, 8:

    amnem,

    Curt. 7, 7, 13; 8, 13, 23:

    utribus amnem,

    id. 4, 7, 16; 4, 1, 10:

    Rhenum,

    Suet. Tib. 18:

    mare,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 15, 6:

    Padum,

    Tac. H. 2, 22:

    sinum maris,

    Vell. 2, 43, 1:

    flumina nando,

    Suet. Caes. 57:

    Tiberim clipeo,

    Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 186:

    Aurora Jam medium aetherio cursu trajecerat axem,

    Verg. A. 6, 536; cf. pass.:

    postquam cernant Rhodanum trajectum,

    Liv. 21, 30, 5:

    ut transjaci (nemora) ne sagittis quidem possint,

    Sol. 52, 46.—
    B.
    Absol.:

    ad Aethaliam insulam trajecit,

    Liv. 37, 13, 3:

    ut classe Hasdrubal Aegimurum traiceret,

    id. 30, 24, 11:

    ne qua classis ex Africā traiceret,

    id. 30, 2, 1:

    sed traicere in Euboeam erat propositum,

    id. 40, 4, 10:

    (ei) paranti traicere in Africam nuntiatum est,

    id. 28, 36, 1; cf.:

    Romanae naves Samum traicerunt,

    id. 37, 13, 6:

    primo quoque tempore in Africam traiciendum,

    id. 29, 22, 11:

    ad nos trajecturum illud incendium esse,

    id. 7, 30, 12; cf. id. 31, 48, 7:

    piscatoriā scaphā trepidus trajecit,

    Just. 2, 13, 9:

    trajecisse veteres Iberos,

    Tac. Agr. 14. —
    C.
    Trop., to overstep, transgress:

    traicit et fati litora magnus amor,

    Prop. 1, 19, 12.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > transjicio

  • 5 trāiciō (trāiic-) and trānsiciō

        trāiciō (trāiic-) and trānsiciō (trānsiic-), iēcī, iectus, ere    [trans + iacio], to throw across, cause to cross, cause to go across, put over, transfer, throw over, shoot across: neque ullum interim telum traiciebatur, Cs.: quae Concava traiecto cumba rudente vehat (te), O.: adreptum vexillum trans vallum hostium traiecit, L.: volucrem traiecto in fune columbam suspendit, V.: per ardentīs acervos celeri membra pede, O.—Of military or naval forces, to cause to cross, transport, ship across, lead over, ship over, transfer: equitatum, Cs.: omnibus ferme suis trans Rhodanum traiectis, L.: classem in Italiam, L.: eodem magnam partem fortunarum, N.: ut praedatum milites trans flumen per occasiones aliis atque aliis locis traicerent, L.: classis Punica in Sardiniam traiecta, L.: equitum magnam partem flumen traiecit, Cs.: si se Alpīs Antonius traiecerit: quos in Africam secum traiceret, L.: ad Achillam sese ex regiā, Cs.— To pass through, make a way through, break through: pars equitum mediam traiecit aciem, L.— To strike through, stab through, pierce, penetrate, transfix, transpierce: unum ex multitudine, Cs.: scorpione ab latere dextro traiectus, Cs.: cuspide serpentem, O.: ferro pectus, L.: cava tempora ferro, V.: terga sagitta, O.— To cross, pass, go over, cross over: ad Aethaliam insulam, L.: in Africam, L.: Samum, L.: Hiberos veteres traiecisse, Ta.: murum iaculo: traiecto amni, L.: ratibus Trebiam, L.: utribus amnem, Cu.: medium aetherio cursu axem, V.: postquam cernant Rhodanum traiectum, L.—Fig., to transfer, cause to pass: ex illius invidiā aliquid in te traicere: arbitrium litis in omnes, O.: in cor Traiecto lateris capitisve dolore, having thrown itself, H.— To overstep: fati litora, Pr.—In rhet., to transpose: verba.

    Latin-English dictionary > trāiciō (trāiic-) and trānsiciō

  • 6 traduco

    traducere, traduxi, traductus V TRANS
    bring across/over, move/transfer; convert; cause to cross/to extend across area; lead across, carry past in parade/procession; exibit/display; pass/get through

    Latin-English dictionary > traduco

  • 7 transduco

    transducere, transduxi, transductus V TRANS
    bring across/over, move/transfer; convert; cause to cross/to extend across area; lead across, carry past in parade/procession; exibit/display; pass/get through

    Latin-English dictionary > transduco

  • 8 transmitto

    trans-mitto or trāmitto, mīsi, missum, 3, v. a.
    I.
    To send, carry, or convey across, over, or through; to send off, despatch, transmit from one place or person to another (syn.: transfero, traicio, traduco).
    A.
    Lit.:

    mihi illam ut tramittas: argentum accipias,

    Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 27:

    illam sibi,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 52:

    exercitus equitatusque celeriter transmittitur (i. e. trans flumen),

    are conveyed across, Caes. B. G. 7, 61:

    legiones,

    Vell. 2, 51, 1:

    cohortem Usipiorum in Britanniam,

    Tac. Agr. 28:

    classem in Euboeam ad urbem Oreum,

    Liv. 28, 5, 18:

    magnam classem in Siciliam,

    id. 28, 41, 17:

    unde auxilia in Italiam transmissurus erat,

    id. 23, 32, 5; 27, 15, 7: transmissum per viam tigillum, thrown over or across, id. 1, 26, 10:

    ponte transmisso,

    Suet. Calig. 22 fin.: in partem campi pecora et armenta, Tac. A. 13, 55:

    materiam in formas,

    Col. 7, 8, 6.—
    2.
    To cause to pass through:

    per corium, per viscera Perque os elephanto bracchium transmitteres,

    you would have thrust through, penetrated, Plaut. Mil. 1, 30; so,

    ensem per latus,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 1165:

    facem telo per pectus,

    id. Thyest. 1089:

    per medium amnem transmittit equum,

    rides, Liv. 8, 24, 13:

    (Gallorum reguli) exercitum per fines suos transmiserunt,

    suffered to pass through, id. 21, 24, 5:

    abies folio pinnato densa, ut imbres non transmittat,

    Plin. 16, 10, 19, § 48:

    Favonios,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 19; Tac. A. 13, 15:

    ut vehem faeni large onustam transmitteret,

    Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 108.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To carry over, transfer, etc.:

    bellum in Italiam,

    Liv. 21, 20, 4; so,

    bellum,

    Tac. A. 2, 6:

    vitia cum opibus suis Romam (Asia),

    Just. 36, 4, 12: vim in aliquem, to send against, i. e. employ against, Tac. A. 2, 38.—
    2.
    To hand over, transmit, commit:

    et quisquam dubitabit, quin huic hoc tantum bellum transmittendum sit, qui, etc.,

    should be intrusted, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:

    alicui signa et summam belli,

    Sil. 7, 383:

    hereditas transmittenda alicui,

    to be made over, Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 7; and with inf.:

    et longo transmisit habere nepoti,

    Stat. S. 3, 3, 78 (analog. to dat habere, Verg. A. 9, 362;

    and, donat habere,

    id. ib. 5, 262);

    for which: me famulo famulamque Heleno transmisit habendam,

    id. ib. 3, 329:

    omne meum tempus amicorum temporibus transmittendum putavi,

    should be devoted, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 1:

    poma intacta ore servis,

    Tac. A. 4, 54.—
    3.
    To let go: animo transmittente quicquid acceperat, letting pass through, i. e. forgetting, Sen. Ep. 99, 6:

    mox Caesarem vergente jam senectā munia imperii facilius tramissurum,

    would let go, resign, Tac. A. 4, 41:

    Junium mensem transmissum,

    passed over, omitted, id. ib. 16, 12 fin.:

    Gangen amnem et quae ultra essent,

    to leave unconquered, Curt. 9, 4, 17:

    leo imbelles vitulos Transmittit,

    Stat. Th. 8, 596.—
    II.
    To go or pass over or across, to cross over; to cross, pass, go through, traverse, etc.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.
    (α).
    Act.:

    grues cum maria transmittant,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:

    cur ipse tot maria transmisit,

    id. Fin. 5, 29, 87; so,

    maria,

    id. Rep. 1, 3, 6:

    satis constante famā jam Iberum Poenos transmisisse,

    Liv. 21, 20, 9 (al. transisse):

    quem (Euphratem) ponte,

    Tac. A. 15, 7:

    fluvium nando,

    Stat. Th. 9, 239:

    lacum nando,

    Sil. 4, 347:

    murales fossas saltu,

    id. 8, 554:

    equites medios tramittunt campos,

    ride through, Lucr. 2, 330; cf.:

    cursu campos (cervi),

    run through, Verg. A. 4, 154: quantum Balearica torto Funda potest plumbo medii transmittere caeli, can send with its hurled bullet, i. e. can send its bullet, Ov. M. 4, 710:

    tectum lapide vel missile,

    to fling over, Plin. 28, 4, 6, § 33; cf.:

    flumina disco,

    Stat. Th. 6, 677.—In pass.:

    duo sinus fuerunt, quos tramitti oporteret: utrumque pedibus aequis tramisimus,

    Cic. Att. 16, 6, 1:

    transmissus amnis,

    Tac. A. 12, 13:

    flumen ponte transmittitur,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 8, 5.—
    (β).
    Neutr.:

    ab eo loco conscendi ut transmitterem,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 3, 7:

    cum exercitus vestri numquam a Brundisio nisi summā hieme transmiserint,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 32:

    cum a Leucopetrā profectus (inde enim tramittebam) stadia circiter CCC. processissem, etc.,

    id. Att. 16, 7, 1; 8, 13, 1; 8, 11, 5:

    ex Corsicā subactā Cicereius in Sardiniam transmisit,

    Liv. 42, 7, 2; 32, 9, 6:

    ab Lilybaeo Uticam,

    id. 25, 31, 12:

    ad vastandam Italiae oram,

    id. 21, 51, 4; 23, 38, 11; 24, 36, 7:

    centum onerariae naves in Africam transmiserunt,

    id. 30, 24, 5; Suet. Caes. 58:

    Cyprum transmisit,

    Curt. 4, 1, 27. — Pass. impers.:

    in Ebusum insulam transmissum est,

    Liv. 22, 20, 7.—
    * 2.
    In partic., to go over, desert to a party:

    Domitius transmisit ad Caesa rem,

    Vell. 2, 84 fin. (syn. transfugio).—
    B.
    Trop. (post-Aug.).
    1.
    In gen., to pass over, leave untouched or disregarded (syn praetermitto):

    haud fas, Bacche, tuos taci tum tramittere honores,

    Sil. 7, 162; cf.:

    sententiam silentio, deinde oblivio,

    Tac. H. 4, 9 fin.:

    nihil silentio,

    id. ib. 1, 13;

    4, 31: aliquid dissimulatione,

    id. A. 13, 39:

    quae ipse pateretur,

    Suet. Calig. 10; id. Vesp. 15. —
    2.
    In partic., of time, to pass, spend (syn. ago):

    tempus quiete,

    Plin. Ep. 9, 6, 1: so,

    vitam per obscurum,

    Sen. Ep. 19, 2: [p. 1893] steriles annos, Stat. S. 4, 2, 12:

    aevum,

    id. ib. 1, 4, 124:

    quattuor menses hiemis inedia,

    Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 94:

    vigiles noctes,

    Stat. Th. 3, 278 et saep. — Transf.:

    febrium ardorem,

    i. e. to undergo, endure, Plin. Ep. 1, 22, 7; cf.

    discrimen,

    id. ib. 8, 11, 2:

    secessus, voluptates, etc.,

    id. ib. 6, 4, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > transmitto

  • 9 V

    V, v, a character derived from the Greek g, Mar. Victor. p. 2459 P. A consonant which, though originally written with the same sign as the vowel u (v. the letter U), was by the ancients themselves considered as essentially different from it, Charis. p. 57 P.; Diom. p. 416; 420 P.; Prisc. p. 539; 542; 544 sq. P.; Vel. Long. p. 2215; 2222 P.; just as the consonant i ( j) and the vowel i were regarded as two distinct letters; v. the letter J.
    I.
    The sound of V seems to have been the same with that of English initial W. It corresponded to the Æolic digamma;

    hence it is called,

    Quint. 12, 10, 29, Aeolica littera, and the emperor Claudius used the Greek digamma inverted F to represent it (because in its proper position it already formed the Latin letter F), Quint. 1, 7, 26; Prisc. p. 545 sq. P.; Gell. 14, 5, 2;

    v. also the inscrr. of the period during and immediately succeeding the reign of Claudius,

    Inscr. Orell. 710 sq.; Marini Atti, p. 97. In very many words which were originally common to both languages, the initial or medial v in Latin represents a lost digamma in Greek; cf.: ver, êr; vis, is; video, ID; vestis, esthês; vitulus, italos; vomo, emeô; voco, epô; volvo, eilô; vinum, oinos; viola, ion; vespera, hespera; Vesta, Hestia; silva, hulê; ovis, oïs; divus, dios; aevum, aiôn; scaevus, skaios; vicus, oikos; levis, leios al. (For a full discussion of the sound of V, see Roby, Gram. I. praef. p. xxxiii. sqq.).—
    II.
    V has the closest affinity to the vowel u, and hence, in the course of composition and inflection, it often passed into the latter: solvo, solutum, from solvĭtum, solŭĭtum; caveo, cautum, from cavitum; fautor, from faveo; lautum, from lavo; nauta, from navita; audeo, cf. avidus; neu, seu, from neve, sive; tui, cf. Sanscr. tvam; sui, Sanscr. sva-; suavis, Sanscr. svadus, and is resolved into it by the poets from prosodial necessity: silŭa (trisyl.) for silva; dissŏlŭo, evŏlŭam (quadrisyl.), for dissolvam, evolvam; dissŏlŭenda, evolŭisse (quinquasyl.), for dissolvenda, evolvisse, etc., just as, for the same cause, although less freq., u passed into v: gēnva, tēnvis (dissyl.), for gēnŭa, tĕnŭis; tēnvĭa, tēnvĭus (trisyl.), for tĕnŭĭa, tĕnŭĭus.—For the affinity of v to b, v. the letter B.—
    III.
    V as a medial between two vowels was very freq. elided, esp. in inflection, and the word underwent in consequence a greater or less contraction: amavisti, amāsti; deleverunt, delērunt; novisti, nōsti; audivisti, audīsti, or audiisti; siveris, siris, or sieris; obliviscor, oblitus; dives, dis; aeviternus, aeternus; divitior, ditior; bovibus, bubus, etc.; providens, prudens; movimentum, momentum; provorsus, prorsus; si vis, sis; si vultis, sultis; Jovis pater, Juppiter; mage volo, mavolo, malo; non volo, nolo, etc. An example of the elision of v without a further contraction of the word is found in seorsus, from sevorsus (v. seorsus).—This etymological suppression of v is to be distinguished from its purely orthographical omission before or after u in ancient MSS. and inscriptions, as serus for servus, noum for novum, festius for festivus, Pacuius for Pacuvius; cf. the letters J and Q.—V is sometimes elided after a mute: dis for dvis from duo; likewise after s: sibi for svibi (from su-ibi); sis, sas, sos, for suis, suas, suos; sultis for si vultis; so Lat. si corresponds to Umbr. sve and Osc. svai; v. esp. Corss. Ausspr. 1, p. 310 sqq.—
    IV.
    As an abbreviation, V (as the sign of the consonant) stands for vir, vivus, vixit, voto, vale, verba, etc.; V. C., or also VC., vir clarissimus; VCP., voti compos posuit; V. V., virgo Vestalis; V. F. Q. D. E. R. F. P. D. E. R. I. C., verba fecerunt. Quid de eā re fieri placeret, de eā re ita censuerunt.—As a numeral, the letter V stands for half of the geometrical cross X or ten, Zumpt, Gr. § 115 Anm. 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > V

  • 10 v

    V, v, a character derived from the Greek g, Mar. Victor. p. 2459 P. A consonant which, though originally written with the same sign as the vowel u (v. the letter U), was by the ancients themselves considered as essentially different from it, Charis. p. 57 P.; Diom. p. 416; 420 P.; Prisc. p. 539; 542; 544 sq. P.; Vel. Long. p. 2215; 2222 P.; just as the consonant i ( j) and the vowel i were regarded as two distinct letters; v. the letter J.
    I.
    The sound of V seems to have been the same with that of English initial W. It corresponded to the Æolic digamma;

    hence it is called,

    Quint. 12, 10, 29, Aeolica littera, and the emperor Claudius used the Greek digamma inverted F to represent it (because in its proper position it already formed the Latin letter F), Quint. 1, 7, 26; Prisc. p. 545 sq. P.; Gell. 14, 5, 2;

    v. also the inscrr. of the period during and immediately succeeding the reign of Claudius,

    Inscr. Orell. 710 sq.; Marini Atti, p. 97. In very many words which were originally common to both languages, the initial or medial v in Latin represents a lost digamma in Greek; cf.: ver, êr; vis, is; video, ID; vestis, esthês; vitulus, italos; vomo, emeô; voco, epô; volvo, eilô; vinum, oinos; viola, ion; vespera, hespera; Vesta, Hestia; silva, hulê; ovis, oïs; divus, dios; aevum, aiôn; scaevus, skaios; vicus, oikos; levis, leios al. (For a full discussion of the sound of V, see Roby, Gram. I. praef. p. xxxiii. sqq.).—
    II.
    V has the closest affinity to the vowel u, and hence, in the course of composition and inflection, it often passed into the latter: solvo, solutum, from solvĭtum, solŭĭtum; caveo, cautum, from cavitum; fautor, from faveo; lautum, from lavo; nauta, from navita; audeo, cf. avidus; neu, seu, from neve, sive; tui, cf. Sanscr. tvam; sui, Sanscr. sva-; suavis, Sanscr. svadus, and is resolved into it by the poets from prosodial necessity: silŭa (trisyl.) for silva; dissŏlŭo, evŏlŭam (quadrisyl.), for dissolvam, evolvam; dissŏlŭenda, evolŭisse (quinquasyl.), for dissolvenda, evolvisse, etc., just as, for the same cause, although less freq., u passed into v: gēnva, tēnvis (dissyl.), for gēnŭa, tĕnŭis; tēnvĭa, tēnvĭus (trisyl.), for tĕnŭĭa, tĕnŭĭus.—For the affinity of v to b, v. the letter B.—
    III.
    V as a medial between two vowels was very freq. elided, esp. in inflection, and the word underwent in consequence a greater or less contraction: amavisti, amāsti; deleverunt, delērunt; novisti, nōsti; audivisti, audīsti, or audiisti; siveris, siris, or sieris; obliviscor, oblitus; dives, dis; aeviternus, aeternus; divitior, ditior; bovibus, bubus, etc.; providens, prudens; movimentum, momentum; provorsus, prorsus; si vis, sis; si vultis, sultis; Jovis pater, Juppiter; mage volo, mavolo, malo; non volo, nolo, etc. An example of the elision of v without a further contraction of the word is found in seorsus, from sevorsus (v. seorsus).—This etymological suppression of v is to be distinguished from its purely orthographical omission before or after u in ancient MSS. and inscriptions, as serus for servus, noum for novum, festius for festivus, Pacuius for Pacuvius; cf. the letters J and Q.—V is sometimes elided after a mute: dis for dvis from duo; likewise after s: sibi for svibi (from su-ibi); sis, sas, sos, for suis, suas, suos; sultis for si vultis; so Lat. si corresponds to Umbr. sve and Osc. svai; v. esp. Corss. Ausspr. 1, p. 310 sqq.—
    IV.
    As an abbreviation, V (as the sign of the consonant) stands for vir, vivus, vixit, voto, vale, verba, etc.; V. C., or also VC., vir clarissimus; VCP., voti compos posuit; V. V., virgo Vestalis; V. F. Q. D. E. R. F. P. D. E. R. I. C., verba fecerunt. Quid de eā re fieri placeret, de eā re ita censuerunt.—As a numeral, the letter V stands for half of the geometrical cross X or ten, Zumpt, Gr. § 115 Anm. 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > v

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